Have you ever wondered about the different coat types of the adorable Russian Toy Dog? In this article, we will delve into the fascinating world of smooth and long coats of this beloved breed. Whether you're a pet owner, a dog enthusiast, or simply curious about these delightful companions, keep reading to discover all there is to know about the coat varieties of the Russian Toy Dog.
The Origins of Smooth and Long Coats
The Russian Toy Dog originally had a smooth coat, which was the preferred variety among socialites in 18th-century Russia. However, in the 20th century, the breed experienced significant growth and was renamed the Russian Toy Terrier. During this time, breeders noticed that some dogs had slightly longer coats. In 1958, two smooth coat parents gave birth to a long coat puppy, leading Russian breeders to embrace this new variety. The long coat dogs were initially known as Moscow Long Hair Toy Terriers. Eventually, in the 1980s, the smooth and long coats were merged, and the breed became known as the Russian Toy Dog, offering enthusiasts two equally charming coat options.
Understanding the Coat Structure
Both smooth and long coat varieties of the Russian Toy Dog adhere to specific standards. The body length should be equal to the height at the withers, with the height at the elbow slightly more than half the height at the withers. The muzzle should be shorter than the skull's length. In essence, if you were to shave a long coat Russian Toy Dog and place it beside a smooth coat counterpart, you would notice their silhouettes remain remarkably similar.
While some people claim there are temperament differences between the two coat types, this distinction is not supported by official standards or personal experiences. Both smooth and long coats fall within the spectrum of the Russian Toy Dog's temperament, which is known for being active, cheerful, and intelligent. Regardless of the coat type, Russian Toy Dogs exhibit these endearing qualities without displaying cowardly or aggressive behavior.
Differentiating Coats: AKC and FCI Standards
When it comes to differentiating the coat types, both the American Kennel Club (AKC) and the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) have specific guidelines. The AKC standard primarily focuses on one coat-specific disqualification, which pertains to the absence of fringe or curly hair on the ears of long coat dogs. The FCI standard, on the other hand, includes three additional disqualifications: semi-pricked ears in smooth coat dogs, drop ears in long coat dogs, and numerous bald patches or overly soft, tousled body hair with pronounced feathering in smooth coat dogs. Additionally, trimming the coat is not allowed for either variety according to FCI standards.
The FCI standard also mentions that semi-pricked ears are permissible in long-haired dogs with heavy fringe, although they are not desirable. While the AKC standard does not specifically address smooth coat ears, the FCI states that soft ears in a smooth coat are considered a fault. Moreover, the FCI standard identifies other coat-related items such as bald patches in smooth coat dogs and excessively long or short hair on the body of long coat dogs as faults. When evaluating a mixed-coat group of Russian Toy Dogs, it is crucial to be aware of the correct coat specifications for each variety. Beyond that, both coat types can be judged together.
The Beauty of the Smooth Coat
Smooth coat Russian Toy Dogs boast short, close-lying, shiny hair without any bald patches or undercoat. The correct coat is similar to that of the Toy Manchester Terrier or the Min Pin, distinguished from the thicker coat typically found on Chihuahuas. The simplicity of the smooth coat allows for a clear view of the dog's structure and muscles, making it easier to identify any faults. This coat type requires minimal grooming and trimming (which is also not allowed for long coats) and does not necessitate blow-drying after bathing. However, smooth coat dogs may be more susceptible to cold weather and might prefer wearing a cozy sweater or staying indoors during winter. Overall, the smooth coat is an excellent choice for owners seeking a low-maintenance option.
Unveiling the Allure of the Long Coat
The long coat variety of the Russian Toy Dog is described in greater detail within the standard. The body hair should be moderately long, measuring between one to three inches, and should be straight or slightly wavy. The hair should lie close to the body, revealing the natural outline and allowing for an assessment of the dog's structure and proportions. The head and front part of the limbs have close-lying hair, while feathers adorn the back of the limbs. The feet showcase long, silky hair that completely covers the nails. This coat description entails distinct long and shorter, smooth portions that preserve the body's outline without creating a tousled appearance. The standard also emphasizes that the ears should be covered with long, thick hair forming a fringe, concealing the outer edge and tips of the ears by the time the dog reaches three years of age. Although not explicitly mentioned in the AKC standard, the long coat dog should also have feathering on the tail. While the long coat requires more grooming than its smooth counterpart, it remains relatively low maintenance. Trimming is unnecessary and, in fact, a disqualification according to FCI standards. Long coat Russian Toy Dogs may require additional drying time after baths, unlike their smooth-coated counterparts. Interestingly, they tend to tolerate cooler temperatures better than smooth coat dogs.
A Personal Perspective
As an owner of both smooth and long coat Russian Toy Dogs, I have had the pleasure of training and showing both varieties. I adore the flowing ear and tail fringe that adorns my long coats, while I appreciate the hassle-free nature of grooming smooth coats. The shiny coat of the smooth variety beautifully accentuates the breed's square silhouette. It is my hope to see more smooth coat Russian Toy Dogs showcased in the show ring, fostering equal recognition for both coat types in the United States. Above all, I cherish the companionship and intelligence these dogs bring, whether as conformation ring partners, performance sport participants, or simply beloved pets at home.
In conclusion, the Russian Toy Dog offers two enchanting coat options: smooth and long. Each variety possesses its own unique characteristics and grooming requirements, ensuring there is a perfect match for every dog lover. Whether you're drawn to the sleek simplicity of the smooth coat or captivated by the elegance of the long coat, these delightful companions are sure to bring joy and warmth to your life.
Remember, for more insightful articles and helpful tips on pet care, visit HowPetCare.