Have you ever come across the Xoloitzcuintli, also known as the Xolo or the Mexican hairless dog? These unique dogs have a fascinating history and some interesting characteristics. In this article, HowPetCare will delve into the world of the Xoloitzcuintli to give you all the information you need.
1. They’re the Oldest Dogs in the Americas
The Xoloitzcuintli has been around for over 3,000 years. They were believed to have accompanied the first humans to cross the Bering Strait and later thrived in the jungles of Mexico. Ancient cultures highly prized these dogs, and even European colonizers like Christopher Columbus wrote about them in their journals, describing them as “strange, hairless dogs.”
2. The Breed’s Three Distinct Size Varieties
According to the AKC breed standard, Xolos come in three size varieties: Toy, Miniature, and Standard. The Standard Xolo can measure up to two feet tall at the shoulder, while the miniature is typically between a foot and a foot-and-a-half. The toy variety is around a foot or less. This wide range in sizes makes the Xolo a versatile breed.
3. Hairless or Coated Variety
Contrary to popular belief, Xolos are not always hairless. There are two varieties of Xolos: hairless and coated. The hairless variety has a tough hide that protects them from scrapes and scratches. They may have a few coarse hairs on the head, tail, and feet. On the other hand, the coated Xolo has a very short, sleek coat all over the body.
4. Skincare Routine is Important
Xolos have unique skincare needs. Their skin produces oils, which can lead to acne, especially in their first year of life. It's important to keep their skin clean by wiping them down with a damp cloth to remove dead skin cells. Bathing should be done sparingly, as excessive bathing can strip away natural oils and clog the pores. Using a light moisturizer after bathing is beneficial. Additionally, since Xolos are hairless, they should wear canine sunscreen during prolonged periods in the sun.
5. Moderate Exercise is Sufficient
Like all dogs, Xolos need exercise, but they don't require intense physical activity. Xolo puppies should have lots of playtime and at least one long walk every day to prevent destructive behavior. They have a prey drive, so sufficient exercise helps temper that instinct. However, they don't need to run for miles like more active breeds.
6. Suitable for Small Living Spaces
Xolos can thrive in small apartments or homes without yards. While they enjoy going for walks, they don't necessarily need a yard to run around. At home, they are known for their calm and tranquil nature.
7. Watchdogs, Not Guard Dogs
Xolos are excellent watchdogs and will alert you if someone approaches your home. However, they are generally reserved with strangers and may not intimidate intruders. The Aztecs believed that Xolos could protect houses from evil spirits as well as human intruders.
8. Thrive as Pack Animals
Known for their loyalty, Xolos often form a strong bond with one family member but show warmth to everyone in the family. They enjoy the company of other dogs and thrive as pack animals. While they may be reserved with strangers, they are typically not aggressive.
9. Hypoallergenic Potential
If you suffer from dog allergies, you may find relief with Xolos. Many people with allergies report no issues with this breed. Although Xolos still produce some common irritants such as saliva, skin, and hair, they are considered hypoallergenic by many. However, it's important to spend time with a Xolo before committing to see how you personally react.
10. Overall Health and Well-being
Thanks to their hardy origins in ancient jungles, Xolos are generally healthy dogs. The Xolo Club of America recommends specific health tests for the breed, including hip, ophthalmologist, cardiac, and patella (kneecap) tests. Reputable breeders should be able to provide proof of these tests for your puppy's parents. With proper care, good food, and regular exercise, Xolos should have minimal health problems.
Keys to take away:
- Xolos are the oldest dogs in the Americas, with a history dating back over 3,000 years.
- They come in three size varieties: Toy, Miniature, and Standard.
- Xolos can be hairless or coated, each with its own unique characteristics.
- Skincare is important for Xolos due to their natural oils. Regular cleaning and moisturizing are necessary.
- Moderate exercise is sufficient to keep Xolos healthy and happy.
- Xolos can adapt well to small living spaces and are known for their calm nature.
- While they make good watchdogs, they may not be effective guard dogs.
- Xolos thrive as pack animals and have a loyal and friendly disposition.
- Many people with allergies find that they have no issues with Xolos.
- With proper care, Xolos are generally healthy and have minimal health problems.
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